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reveal the important role of insulin in the manufacture of breast milk
Madrid, Jul 6 (Europa Press) -
A new study by scientists from the Medical Center of the Children's Hospital of Cincinnati and the University of California Davis, in the United States, adds more evidence to its previous research of the involvement of insulin in the success of breastfeeding.The analysis describes the way in which the human mammary gland becomes very sensitive to insulin during breastfeeding and gives an exact idea of how specific genes connect in the human mammary gland during breastfeeding.
The experts used the next generation technology of RNA sequencing to reveal in detail the milk production model in the human mammary gland, according to Laurie Nommsen-rivers, researcher at the Cincinnati Children's Hospital and corresponding author of the study, which publishes'Plos One' in its digital edition.
Previous Nommsen-Rivers investigations had shown that mothers with subopymal glucose metabolism markers, such as excess weight, have an advanced maternal age or a baby large at birth, need more time to produce milk, which suggests apaper of insulin in the mammary gland.New research shows how the mammary gland becomes sensitive to insulin during breastfeeding.
For a long time, it has been believed that insulin does not play a direct role in the regulation of milk cells in the human breast because it is not necessary for these cells to have sugars, such as glucose.However, scientists appreciate that insulin does more than facilitate the absorption of sugars.
"This new study demonstrates a dramatic change in the insulin receptor and its descending signs during the transition from the breast to a biophabric that produces large amounts of proteins, fats and carbohydrates to feed the newborn baby," says Nommsen-Rivers."Taking into account that 20 percent of women between 20 and 44 are prediabetic, it is possible that up to 20 percent of the new mothers in the United States are at risk of low milk production due to insulin deregulation"He adds.
Nommsen-rivers and his colleagues were able to use a non-invasive method to capture RNA of the mammary gland, a chain of molecules that are models for the production of specific proteins, in samples of human breast milk and thus created the first publicly accessible library publiclyof genes expressed in the mammary gland based on RNA sequencing technology.
This approach revealed a highly sensitive portrait of the genes that are expressed in the human cells generating milk.The scientists discovered an orchestrated on and off of several genes for the transition of the mammary gland from the secretion of small amounts of the calcoster that provides immunity during the first days after giving birth to the copious production of milk in mature breastfeeding.
In particular, the PTPRF gene, which is known to suppress intracellular signals that are generally triggered by the union to its receiver on the cellular cell surface, can serve as a biomarker that relates insulin resistance with insufficient milk supply.These results that feel the bases for future investigations focus on physiological contributions to the difficulties of supply of breast milk.
Now that the importance of theInsulin signaling in the human mammary gland, experts are planning a clinical trial in phase I / II with a medication used to control blood sugar in type 2 diabetes to determine if it improves the action of insulin in insulin inThe mammary gland and, therefore, milk production.
While a medicine is not an ideal way to solve the problem of the suboptimal metabolism of glucose in breastfeeding, according to Nommsen-rivers, it is excellent for the elaboration of the concept test through the use of a placebo in a controlled clinical trialrandomized."The ideal is the preventive nature, 'says this expert." The modifications in the diet and exercise are more powerful than any drug. After this clinical trial, we hope to study those interventions "