The skin of the diabetics is susceptible to injuries and infections, since the malfunction of defense cells reduces their ability to fungi or bacteria, they find abundant food when we have high blood glucose. These microorganisms feed on sugars being theirmain source of energy.Another factor that also favor its appearance is the most oxygen irrigation and nutrients to the tissues through the blood, also the nerve terminations of the skin are damaged by having high blood glucose.
Badly controlled diabetes produces system alterations (immune), which will be reduced its operation against a skin infection, allowing it to grow if relevant measures are not taken.
More common injuries, some are:
- Bacterial infections
People with diabetes have several types of bacterial infections.The boils that are infections of the hair follicles.Carbunco is a deep infection of the underlying skin and tissue.
Early treatment with topical and systemic antibiotics, extreme control of glycemias due to the risk of decompensation.
- Mycotical infections
The most frequent is the infection candidiasis produced by a fungus of the genre of candids.It is a frequent complication in poorly controlled diabetes.It has different presentations:
.Angular stomatitis (Boqueras)
.Oral mucosa candidiasis (müguet)
.Paroniquia: Nail infection
.Vulvovaginitis, favored by the presence of glucose in urine, more frequent cause of vulvar pruritus in diabetics
.Balanitis: inflammation of the Balano-Prepuctial Surco of the penis in men;It tends to chronicity causing a secondary phimosis
.Athlete's foot: icing the interdigital folds causing inflammation and cracking of them.
Prevention: With good diabetes control, adequate body hygiene, emollient creams and eliminating moisture spotlights It is also important, ketoconazole.
Other injuries would be:
- Diabetic dermopathy, it is presented in the form of light brown spots.These spots can be oval or circular.They relate to microangiopathy and diabetic neuropathy.
- Lipidic necrobiosis, it is a problem similar to diabetic dermopathy.The difference is that there is a smaller amount of spots, but these are larger and more deep.
- Diabetic ampoules, appear in the back of the fingers of the hands, of the fingers of the feet, of the hands, of the feet and, on some occasions, in the legs or the forearms. These sores resemble the blisters produced producedfor burns.Sometimes they are large, but they do not cause pain and do not present redness around them.They cure themselves.
Among some others that I will not cite so as not to make it so extensive.
On the other hand, there is thickening and hardening of the back and feet skin in 30% of patients who should be injected insulin and between 10 and 60% of patients who do not depend on it;The problem results in some limitation in the mobility of the joints of these areas.
Yellowish skin of the skin due to the accumulation of carotenes due to the inability of the liver of converting them into vitamin A.
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