Tests and exams
An urine analysis can show high blood sugar levels.But a urine exam only does not diagnose diabetes.Your medical care provider may suspect that you have diabetes if your blood sugar level is greater than 200 mg/dl (11.1 mmol/l).To confirm the diagnosis, one or more of the following exams must be done.
Blood exams: fasting blood glucose.Diabetes is diagnosed if the fasting glucose level is greater than 126 mg/dl (7.0 mmol/l) in two different exams.The levels between 100 and 126 mg/dl (5.5 and 7.0 mmol/l) are called ease or prediabetes glucose.These levels are risk factors for type 2 diabetes.
A1C hemoglobin exam (A1C).The normal thing is less than 5.7%, prediabetes is between 5.7% and 6.4%, and diabetes is 6.5% or higher.
Oral glucose tolerance test.Diabetes is diagnosed if the glucose level is greater than 200 mg/dl (11.1 mmol/l) after 2 hours of taking a sugary drink (this test is used more frequently for type 2 diabetes).
Type 2 diabetes detection tests in people who do not present symptoms are recommended for: overweight children who have other risk factors for diabetes, from the age of 10 and repeats every 3 years.Overweight adults (BMI of 25 or higher) who have other risk factors such as having high blood pressure or having a mother, father, sister or brother with diabetes.Adults over 45 years, repeat every 3 years.
Treatment
Type 2 diabetes can be counteracted with changes in lifestyle, especially giving weight with exercise and eating healthier foods.Some cases of type 2 diabetes can be improved with weight loss surgery.
There is no cure for type 1 diabetes. The treatment of both type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes consists of medications, diet and exercise to control the blood sugar level.
All people with diabetes should receive adequate education and support on the best ways to handle their diabetes.Ask your supplier about the possibility of consulting an educator nurse in diabetes.
Achieving better blood sugar control, cholesterol and blood pressure levels helps reduce the risk of renal disease, ocular disease, nervous system disease, heart attack and stroke.
To prevent diabetes complications, visit the supplier at least 2 to 4 times a year.Tell him about the problems he is having.Follow the supplier's instructions on diabetes management.