A device for the size of a small currency could drastically alter the treatment of type 1 diabetes, a chronic disease that affects millions of people and that still has no cure.
The Alessandro Grattoni and Jesus Paez-Mayorga team of the Research Institute of the Methodist Hospital in Houston, Texas, United States, has managed to incorporate islet and immunotherapy cells directly into a 3D printed device, comparable in some aspects to an artificial pancreas, and called Niche (implantable neovascularized cell homing and encapsulation).
The treatment with this device restored the healthy levels of glucose and eliminated the symptoms of type 1 diabetes in animal models for more than 150 days, while avoiding the serious adverse effects of antirreric therapy by administering immunosuppressive drugs only where the cells wereof the transplanted islets.
The Niche, created in the Nanomedicine department of the aforementioned institute, is a flat device that is placed under the skin and consists of a deposit for the islet cells and a drug tank for localized immunosuppression therapy.This is the first platform that combines direct vascularization and local immunosuppression in a single implantable device for alogenic transplantation of pancreatic islets and long -term treatment of type 1 diabetes. Direct vascularization is essential to supply nutrients and oxygenin order to maintain the viability of transplanted islets.
The Niche incorporates ports for drug recharge as necessary.During the tests, the researchers filled the drug deposits every four weeks.
The Grattoni team is already working on the adaptation of Niche technology for clinical use, including improvements such as drug recharge would only be necessary once every six months, a time long enough to make the use of technologyNiche is very practical for patients.
In addition, making the appropriate changes in the formulas or in the concentration of the drugs, the filling intervals could be extended until one a year was enough, coinciding for example with routine medical visits to supervise the patient's condition.
Grattoni and his colleagues expose the technical details of their device and the results of the tests with him in the academic magazine Nature Communications, under the title "Implantable Niche With local Immunosuppression for Islet Allotransplantation Achieves Type 1 Reversal in Rats Diabetes".(Source: Amazings NCYT)