Interview with Carmen Yoldi Vergara, of the therapeutic and vocal education group of the Spanish Diabetes Society (SED) and advanced practice nurse in the Diabetes Unit of the Endocrinology Service of the Sant Joan de Déu Hospital (Barcelona).
1. Has the diet of people with diabetes changed a lot in recent years?
The people's food plan must be healthy and balanced.In the past there was talk of prohibited foods.Current trends avoid prohibition.All people with diabetes need to control the amount of foods rich in carbohydrates they take at each meal.
People with type 2 diabetes usually have overweight and/or obesity problems and, therefore, it is advisable to reduce the amount of foods they consume in general and those that contain carbohydrates in each meal.In addition, it is advisable to increase daily physical activity.
2. What have been the main changes?
Actually, there are no substantial changes.There are no miracle diets, nor super-foods, nor magical diets.You also have to be careful with food identified as "without added sugar" or "for diabetics."Do not carry added sugar does not mean that it does not contain carbohydrates and that, therefore, we must measure them."Diabetic" foods are usually more expensive and does not provide any additional benefit.It is a marketing strategy to encourage consumption.The food plan must be customized according to the treatment and needs of each individual.
For years, people who are still treatment with insulin and especially people with type 1 diabetes have a free feeding plan.For this, an essential requirement is that they have learned to adapt the insulin doses according to the amount of carbohydrates with carbohydrates they take and the physical activity they will perform.This learning is done through therapeutic education, an resource that all people with diabetes cannot access in our country.
3. At present, which is considered the best diet for people with diabetes?The Mediterranean, the vegetarian, the vegan ...?
In recent years different types of diets that become fashionable with more or less intensity.The fundamental objective of a feeding plan is to ensure the body all the nutrients necessary to carry out our daily life and maintain a good state of health.The Mediterranean diet has demonstrated benefits in people's health.When a person wants to follow a diet in which some foods are limited, such as the vegan, it is advisable to consult with a nutritionist.This professional will advise how to combine food and to avoid nutritional deficits, minerals or vitamins necessary for a healthy life.
4. Is there any diet that increases the risk of diabetes?
It is important to differentiate between the risk of developing type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes. Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease and cannot be avoided.Nor are the causes for which this type of diabetes develops.However, type 2 diabetes has a genetic component and is closely related to lifestyle.If a person does little physical activity and takes large amounts of food, he will develop obesity.This is an important risk factor for the appearance of type 2 diabetes. Taking pastries and sugary drinks daily would be advisedly habits.
5. Today, the recommended and prohibited foods for people with diabetes are the same as?
As I said, better to prohibit is to limit food consumption.Those who previously prohibited themselves, are advisable to limit their consumption and take it in small amounts, leaving them toSpecial situations.
6. What are each other?
Foods whose consumption should be limited are bollerías, fast food, cooking cooking and fried, sugary drinks, alcoholic beverages.In the usual feeding plan, the amounts of foods rich in carbohydrates (legumes, pasta, rice, potato or bread) that are taken to avoid abrupt increases or deccars of blood glucose should be measured.
7. In 2021 diabetes demand specific care, but no longer prevents a normal life at all?
People with diabetes can and should lead a normal life.Although, they must have daily care.In relation to the diet, they must take care of the amount of carbohydrates they take.Diabetes requires them to make many daily decisions, mainly people who follow insulin treatment.Before each meal they must measure their glucose value, decide the amount of foods rich in carbohydrates that they are going to take, think if they are going to perform or not physical activity and, consequently, decide the dose of insulin that will be prick.This exercise must be done in all the meals that make every day.
8. However, there are more and more people with diabetes, do you influence the food diet in which those affected by type 2 diabetes grow in number?
The life habits of the general population have worsened.The sedentary life and drink fast food, pastries and other unhealthy foods in a regular basis encourages the appearance of obesity and as a consequence, of type 2 diabetes.
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